As an example, consider a person riding a bicycle, with the person acting like the electric motor. If that person tries to ride that bike up a steep hill in a gear that’s designed for low rpm, she or he will struggle as
they try to maintain their stability and achieve an rpm which will permit them to climb the hill. However, if they change the bike’s gears right into a swiftness that will create a higher rpm, the rider could have
a much easier time of it. A continuous force can be applied with clean rotation being supplied. The same logic applies for commercial applications that want lower speeds while maintaining necessary
torque.
• Inertia matching. Today’s servo motors are producing more torque relative to frame size. That’s because of dense copper servo gearbox windings, lightweight materials, and high-energy magnets.
This creates greater inertial mismatches between servo motors and the loads they are trying to move. Utilizing a gearhead to better match the inertia of the electric motor to the inertia of the load allows for utilizing a smaller motor and outcomes in a more responsive system that is easier to tune. Again, this is accomplished through the gearhead’s ratio, where in fact the reflected inertia of the strain to the motor is decreased by 1/ratio2.
Recall that inertia may be the way of measuring an object’s level of resistance to improve in its movement and its own function of the object’s mass and form. The greater an object’s inertia, the more torque is required to accelerate or decelerate the thing. This means that when the load inertia is 
much bigger than the motor inertia, sometimes it can cause extreme overshoot or increase settling times. Both circumstances can decrease production collection throughput.
However, when the motor inertia is bigger than the strain inertia, the electric motor will need more power than is otherwise essential for this application. This improves costs since it requires paying more for a electric motor that’s larger than necessary, and since the increased power usage requires higher operating costs. The solution is by using a gearhead to complement the inertia of the motor to the inertia of the strain.
